IKIGANIRO CO KU WA 1.11.2024, C’AGATEKA KA ZINA MUNTU

UMUTWE W’IKIGANIRO : UBURENGANZIRA BW’ IGIHUGU  BWO

                                                KUBA UMUNYWANYI W’IMIRYANGO

                                                W’IBIHUGU BIGIZE AKARERE.

Ncuti, bagenzi namwe mwese mudahengeshanya kudukurikirana muri kino kiganiro c’agateka ka zina muntu, gitegurwa n’ikigo kijejwe guteza imbere agateka ka zina muntu no gukinga ihonyabwoko, cegamiye Ubushikiranganji bwo gushigikirana, imibano, agateka ka zina muntu n’iterambere ridakumira, turabaramukije kandi turabahaye ikaze. Kuri micro muri kumwe na jewe Gédéon NINDAMUTSA, umuhanuzi muvyo gutumatumanako amakuru mur’ico kigo, ndabashikiriza kino kiganiro.

Mu kiganiro c’agateka ka zina muntu co kuri uno musi, tuja kurabira hamwe uburenganzira bw’igihugu bwo kuba umunywanyi w’imiryango y’ibihugu bigize akarere.

Mw’ido n’ido ry’ikiganiro, turabira hamwe umuryango uhurikiwemwo n’ibihugu vy’ubuseruko n’ubumanuko bwa Afrika (COMESA), ihangiro nyamukuru ryatumye uwo muryango ujaho, hamwe n’akarusho Uburundi bukura muri uwo muryango nka kimwe mu bihugu biwugize.

1. IDO N’IDO RY’IKIGANIRO

Ibihugu vyose iyo biva bikagera birafise uburenganzira bwo kugira urunani, mu kuja hamwe, haba ku rwego mpuzamakungu ndetse no ku rwego rw’akarere, mu ntumbero yo kurangurira hamwe imigambi itandukanye iteza imbere igihugu n’abenegihugu. Tubisanga mu gace ka mbere k’ingingo ya 2 y’Amasezerano mpuzamakungu yerekeye uburenganzira bw’abantu mu vy’amatungo imibano n’imico kama kavuga ko,igihugu cegwa n’aya masezerano,ciyemeza gukora ibishoboka vyose,haba muvyo cishoboje canke biciye mu gufashanya n’ibindi bihugu,cane cane muvy’ubutunzi n’ubuhinga kugira ngo giteze imbere itsimbatazwa ry’uburenganzira butandukanye bwa kiremwamuntu, kandi mu buryo bwose.

N’ingingo ya 22 mu gace kayo ka 2 iragaruka kuvyerekeye gufashanya hagati y’ibihugu.

Ivuga ko ibihugu vyashize umukono kuri ayo masezerano, bitegerezwa gukora uko bishoboye kwose, vyifashije canke bifashanije n’ ibindi bihugu,  kugirango abenegihugu bavyo bubahirizwe mu burenganzira bwabo bwo gutera imbere mu butunzi, imibano n’imico kama.

Turazi ko Uburundi busanzwe bwaragize urunani n’ibindi bihugu mu kwinjira mu mashirahamwe mpuzamakungu atandukanye nk’umuryango w’ibihugu vyunze ubumwe ONU, ishirahamwe ry’ubumwe bwa Afrika union africaine, umuryango w’ibihugu bisangiye isoko vyo mu buseruko bwa Afrika EAC, umuryango w’ibihugu vyo mu buseruko n’ubumanuko bwa Afrika COMESA,umuryango w’ibihugu vya Afrika yo hagati CEEAC, umuryango w’ibihugu vyo mu biyaga binini CEPGLn’ayandi …

Mu kiganiro c’agateka ka zinamuntu co kuri uno musi, tubayagira ivyerekeye ibihugu bisangiye isoko biherereye mu buseruko n’ ubumanuko bwa Afrika ariwo COMESA, Uburundi bukaba ari Igihugu kimwe mu bihugu bigize uwo muryango, kikaba cabaye kinywanyi c’uwo muryango mu mwaka wa 1981.Twashimye kubayagira ivyerekeye uyu muryango, twipfuza kubwira abumviriza iki kiganiro,ko ari uburenganzira bw’igihugu bwo kuja mu miryango itandukanye y’ibihugu n’uwo muryango urimwo, mu ntumbero yo gufashanya n’ibindi bihugu ku vyerekeye ivyo vyose biteza imbere abenegihugu mu bisata bitandukanye vy’Igihugu.

Tubamenyeshe kandi ko Uburundi aribwo bwakiriye inama igira 23 ihuza abakuru b’ibihugu bigize uwo muryango, kw’igenekerezo rya 31gitugutu 2024, rikaba ari iteka ridasanzwe ku gihugu kuko bigaragaza ko ari Igihugu cisuganije neza mu bisata vyose, ivyo navyo tukaba tubikesha indongozi zacu duhereye kuri Nyen’icubahiro Umukuru w’Igihugu.

1. Ingene uyu muryango wabayeho

Nk’uko tubisanga ku rupapuro rwa mbere rw’igitabu kidondora, amamuko n’ihangiro vy’ishirwaho ry’umuryango w’ibihugu vyo mu buseruko n’ubumanuko bwa Afrika COMESA dusanga ku rubuga ngurukanabumenyi rw’uwo muryango(https://www.comesa.int), wemereweko ubaho mu mwaka w’ 1981 n’inama ya bose y’ubumwe bwa afrika, witwazone d’echange préferenciel mu kinyamazuruZEP mu mpfunyapfunyo. Ico gihe witwa ZEP wafatwa nk’isoko ryo guhanahanirako ibidandazwa. MU mwaka wa 1994, mu gihgu c’Ubuganda,inama nkuru y’Ubumwe bwa Afrika nyene yaciye ihindura izina, ZEP ihinduka COMESA.Uyu muryango uhurikiwemwo n’ibihugu 21 vyo mu buseruko bushira ubumanuko bwa Afrika, ukaba ufise icicaro mu gihugu ca Zambiya. Abarongora uyu muryango baba bafise ikiringo c’umwaka umwe, uyu muryango ukaba wahora urongowe n’umukuru w’igihugu ca Zambiya, ariko ubu ukaba urongowe n’umukuru w’Igihugu c’Uburundi.

2. Intumbero nyamukuru y’ishirwaho ry’uwo muryango

Nk’uko tubisanga ku rupapuro rwa mbere mu gice kivuga intumbero z’uwo muryango, washizweho mu ntumbero yo gufashanya mu bisata bitandukanye vy’iterambere, ku nyungu z’ibihugu biwugize n’abenegihgu bavyo. Ivyo bisata navyo ni nk’ibi bikurukiri: kworohereza abakora urudandazwa ndengambibe muri ivyo bihugu, nka kimwe mu bikorwa vyo kwiteza imbere kandi ni uburenganzira bwa kiremwa muntu, gufashanya mu vyerekeye gutoza amakori, nk’uburenganzira bw’igihugu bwo guteza imbere ubutunzi, guteza imbere igisata ca ba mukerarugendo muri ivyo bihugu, nk’uburenganzira bwo kwishira no kwizana, gutsimbataza amahoro n’umutekano, nk’uburenganzira bwa muntu bwo kubaho atekaniwe , uburimyi, ibidukikije, amasoko ntanganguvu n’ibindi.

Uyo muryango COMESA, uri muyitsimbataza agateka ka zina muntu.

Kwiteza imbere no guteza imbere Igihugu, niuburengazira bwa kiremwa muntu nk’uko tubisanga mu ngingo ya 1 y’amasezerano mpuzamakungu yerekeye uburenganzira bw’abantu mu vy’amatungo, imibano n’imico kama, iravuga mu gace kayo ka mbere ko, abantu b’ibihugu vyose bafise uburenganzira bwo kwishira bakizana. Kubera ubwo burenganzira, ni bo bishingira mu mw’idegemvyo imigambi yo kwiteza imbere mu vy’amatungo, mu mibano no mu mico kama, bishimikije amatungo ndangagihugu (isi ndimwa,ibitungwa, ibidukikije n’ibindi).

Mu migambi yo kwiteza imbere, harimwo urudandazwa, haba urubera mu gihugu hagati ndetse n’urudandazwa ndengambibe.

Kudandaza ndetse no gukora ikindi gikorwa ari uburenganzira bw’umuntu mu ntumbero yo kwiteza imbere agateza imbere umuryango n’igihugu. Twabibonye mu ngingo ya mbere y’amasezerano mpuzamakungu yerekeye uburenganzira bw’abantu mu vy’amatungo, imibano n’imico kama.

Ibihugu bigize uyu muryango, vyafashe iyo ngingo yo gushinga  iyo soko rusangi mu ntumbero yo kwubahiriza ubwo burenganzira ku benegihugu bavyo.

Dushobora kwibaza tuti niiki Uburundi bwungutse bwinjiye mu muryango w’ibihugu vya Afrika yo mu buseruko bushira ubumanuko.

1. Bwarungutse cane kuko kabaye akaryo ko gukorera hamwe mu guteza imbere urudandaza muri ivyo bihugu, mu guhanahana ibidandazwa, mu gutsimbataza amahoro n’umutekano, mu guhanahana ubumenyi mu bisata bitandukanye hamwe no kwishira ukizana mu kuva mu gihugu kimwe uja mu kindi ata nkomanzi.

Nk’uko bishikirizwa n’Umushikiranganji mu vyo ajejwe harimwo ubudandaji  mu kiganiro yahaye abanditsi n’abamenyesha makuru kur’uyu wa 22 gitugutu 2024 ku bijanye n’ingene uguhanahana ibidandazwa bimeze hagati y’ibihugu bihurikiye mu muryango COMESA,  Uburundi burahanahana ibidandazwa cane n’igihugu ca repuburika iharanira intwaro rusangi ya Congo, Ouganda, Kenya, Urwanda, Zambiya n’ibindi bihugu bigize uwo muryango. Kuba muri uwo muryango, vyafashije Uburundi kwagurira imbibe abakora urudandazwa, bakarengana imbibe z’ibihugu bigize uwo muryango vyoroshe, kandi ibidandazwa vyabo bikamara umwanya muto ku mbibe.

2. Ku bijanye no gutsimbataza amahoro n’umutekano, ibihugu bigize umuryango COMEZA, birashira inguvu hamwe mu kurwanya umwansi, kugira uburenganzira bwo kubaho mu mutekano ntangere bwubahirizwe ku benegihugu bavyo, nk’uko tubisanga muri ca gitabu cerekana amamuko n’amahangiro y’umuryango COMESA, ku rupapuro rwa 2 agacee.

Ivyo biza kwubahiriza ingingo ya 3 y’itangazo mpuzamakungu ry’agateka ka zina muntu, ivugako,umuntu wese afise uburenganzira bwo kubaho atekaniwe, bwo kwishira akizana no gukingirwa mu buzima bwiwe.

3. Ikindi dusanga muri ico gitabu kandi, n’uko mu bihugu bihurikiye muri uyu muryangowa COMESA, birafashanya kandi mu guhanahana ubumenyi mu bisata bitandukanye, cane cane mu mashure ya kaminuza.

Mu kiganiro umushikiranganji muvyo ajejwe harimwo indero mu mashure yahaye abamenyeshamakuru kur’uyu wa 24 gitugutu 2024, yaramenyesheje ko ibihugu bihurikiye mu muryango COMESA bahanahana abanyeshure biga muri za kaminuza, kandi ko impapuro z’umutsindo zitangwa n’ibihugu bihurikiye muri uwo muryango zemerwa.

Ivyo biza vyubahiriza uburenganzira bwa kiremwa muntu nk’uko tubisanga mu gace ka 2 c k’ingingo ya 13 y’amasezerano mpuzamakungu mu vv’amatungo imibano n’imico kama, kavuga ko abantu bose, mu buryo bumwe,bashobora kuronka inyigisho y’amashure ya kaminuza bivanye n’ubushobozi bw’umuntu mu vy’ubumenyi, kandi  buke buke iyo nyigisho igatangirwa Ubuntu bivanye n’ubushobozi bw’igihugu.

4. Ku bijanye n’uburenganzira bw’umuntu bwo kuja aho ashaka ata nkomanzi mu gihe bidahungabanya umutekano, agace ka 2 k’ingingo ya 13 y’itangazo mpuzamakungu ry’agateka ka zina muntu kavugako, umuntu wese afise uburenganzira bwo kuja mu gihugu ico ari co cose, akongera akagaruka mu gihugu c’amavukiro ata nkomanzi.

Ubu burenganzira burubahirijwe mu bihugu bihurikiye mu muryango COMESA, kuko ca gitabu twababwira cerekana amamuko n’amahangiro y’uwo muryango, kiremeza ku rupapuro rwa kabiri agace ekoabenegihugu batembera muri vyo ata nkomanzi. Ibihugu birorohereza abenegihugu mu bijanye no kuva muri kimwe uja mu kindi,kuja hagati muri ivyo bihugu, hamwe no gufatira ingingo hamwe zituma abenegihugu batagira intambamyi muri ico gisata.

Ya nama rero twababwiye yahuje abakuru b’ibihugu n’ama reta ahurikiye mu muryango COMESA uburundi bwakiriye, yarifise icivugo kivuga kiti“twongereze umuvuduko mu muryango mpuzakarere, mu guteza imbere uruhererekane nyongeragaciro mu gisata c’uburimyiburinda ihindagurika ry’ibihe, igisata co gucukura ubutare n’ic’ingenzi”.

Ico civugo caje cogera  ku mahangiro ari mu mbonokazoza  y’uburundi bwifashe muri 2040n’uburundi buteye imbere muri  2060, aho ibisata vy’uburimyi, amahinguriro, ubutare, kubungabunga ibidukikije bitegerezwa kwitabwaho kurusha  kugira ngo Uburundi bushike kuri ayo mahangiro, tutibagiye no gukomeza imigenderanire n’ibindi bihugu.

Muri iyo mbonokazoza, tubibutse ko igizwe n’inkingi5 ari zo:

1. Ishaka no kwitanga vy’indongozi z’igihugu,
2. kugira igihugu cigenga mu vy’ubutunzi,
3. imibano n’iterambere bidakumiramu vy’imibano,
4. inyubako ziteye imbere kandi ibidukikije bibungabunzwe
5. gutsimbataza imigenderanire.

Dufatiye ku civugo c’iyo nama y’ibihugu bigize umuryango COMESA, uburimyi busanzwe butegekanijwe mu nkingi igira 3, aho uburundi butegekanya kwongereza inguvu mu burimyi, haboneke umwimbu ukwiye, uhiganwa ku masoko mpuzamakungu. N’igisata co gucukura ubutare n’ic’ingenzi bivurwa muri ico civugo, birategekanijwe muri iyi nkingi nyene, aho Uburundi butegekanya gushira inguvu nyishi muri ico gisata tuvyaze umusaruro ubutunzi kama n’ubutunzi ndangagihugu.

Abenegihugu bose rero bahamagariwe gukura amaboko mu mpuzu, bakaja ku kivi kugira ngo bagwize umwimbu muri ivyo bisata vyose.

1. UGUSOZERA

Ncuti, bagenzi namwe mwese twari kumwe muri kino kiganiro c’agateka ka zina muntu, twariko turabira hamwe uburenganzira bw’igihugu bwo kuba umunywanyi w’umuryango w’ibihugu bigize akarerere.

Twabonye ko kuba mu muryango w’ibihugu bigize akarere ari uburenganzira ku gihugu, kandi ko bifise akamaro kadasanzwe. Twahagaze cane cane ku muryango w’ibihugu vyo mu karere k’ubuseruko n’ubumanuko COMESA.

Muri kino kiganiro, twabonye ko kuba muri mwene iyo miryango bituma ibihugu bitera imbere mu bisata bitandukanye nko guhanahana ibidandazwa, gufashanya mu bijanye n’amahoro n’umutekano, gufashanya mu bijanye no guhanahana ubumenyi, tutibagiye guteza imbere uruja n’uruza rw’abantu n’ibintu hagati y’ibihugu bihurikiye muri uwo muryango, eka mbere no gutsimbataza imigenderanire hagati y’Ibihugu.

Twabonye ko kubera uwo muryango, abenegihugu b’ibihugu biwugize baheza bagakora biyaguye, bubahirijwe mu burenganzira bwabo bwo gukora ibikorwa bibateza imbere.

Ikindi twabonye niuko uwo muryango ufitiye akamaro kadasanzwe Uburundi, aho buheza bukaronka aho bushorera umwimbu bworohewe.

Tubibutse ko kino kiganiro mugitegurirwa n’ikigo kijejwe guteza imbere agateka ka zinamuntu no gukinga ihonyabwoko, cegukira Ubushikiranganji bwo gushigikirana, imibano, agateka ka zina muntu n’iterambere ridakumira.

Kubipfuza kwitura ico kigo, bagisanga aho gikorera mu gisagara ca Bujumbura, kw’ibarabara ryitiriwe JRR, mu nyubakwa le savonnier, canke bagahamagara kuri 22 232910 bakatwunganira canke bagashikiriza ivyiyumviro vyabo, canke abipfuza kurangirwa ubufasha mu gihe agateka kabo kahungabanijwe. Hagati mu gihugu, murashobora gushikiriza ivyiyumviro vyanyu abaserukira ubushikiranganji mu ntara, mu ma komine eka mbere n’imboneza zo ku mitumba, abo nabo baca babicisha ku wuserukira ubushikiranganji muri komine, hanyuma uwo mu ntara, bagaheza bakabidushikiriza.

Murakoze.